Incubator



F. E. STOVER l 1,826,438

INCUBATOR Oct. 6, 1931.

Filed July 25, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet l I' A gwffV/M I N VEN TOR.

FfM/K E. STOVER BYW-M A TTORNEYS.

O ct. 6, 1931. F. E. STOVER 1,826,438

INCUBATOR Filed July 23, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 [[75 sa a7 A TToRNEYs.

Oct. 6, 1931. F. E. STOVER 1,826,438

` INCUBATOR Filed July 25, 1926 '5 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

Fwx/ E. 57m/Efe By www ATTORNEYS.

Oct. 6, 1931. F. E. STOVER lINCUBATOR 5 sheets-smet 4 Filed July 25; 1926 FI G. 4-

Fl G 5 IN VEN TOR. FRANK E. STVEE ATTORNEYS.

Oct. 6, 1931.

F. E. STOVER INCUBATOR Filed July 23, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Fen/vx E. 57am/e ATTORNEYQ patented om, 1931 l -1,s26,438-

ff lufNI"-rfD.STATESg PATEN T4 oFFIcE Enigmi E. 'strovnnfy Vor LURAY, vinonvm, nssIeNon or oran-Truian' To WHITNEY E. A e f BUNDY Annfonn- Tmnn'ro FRANK G. nAv1s, tBoTn: or 'srnmerinrn omo INCUBATO y Application filed July 23, 1926. Sera1-Nof124,528.

Y Q Myinvention relates to incubators. i to prevent material from the eggs above fall- A lt is an object ofmyvv invention to provide ing on theeggs below.l A Y an incubator heated by natural draftin which Itis my object to provide meansfor direct- Y"the passage of airrover'indvidual trays can ing the air in; such a manner as to envelop be controlled mmuallyor automatically dethe trays, and, at .thevsarne time, provide for w pending k uponthe heat in thearea surrounda slow'rnovern'ent ofairthrough the eggs.

' ing thatparticular tray. .It is my Yobject 'to provide anrautomatic It is a "further object oaf-my invention to fresh air inlet at the top of theair vduct drawl provide means for eirculatingair by natural ing the cool airr down withtheheated air 'A :lo ydraft and to control that circulation as well thereby increasingl circulation.. Thisl circuu yas con-trol the inlet andeXitoff-resh andffoul lationA getsits additional impulse from the v v flue draft stimulated by the heat thrown ol' Ity is .a furthersobject of the invention to by the heat generator, thus forcing out the f' vprovide a circulating means bywhic'h thehot foul ail'.v f

,lgair-willpa'ss over a cooling radiator, such By the arrangement of the independent .glo vradiatorb eing preferablycomposed of aplutray units-it is possible to pass the air rality of passageways throughvwhich exterthroughv the units, without' passing the air -lnalairmay'pass tocoolthe internal airin ar from one unit to the yother,'which obviates y predetermined part of the cabinet;y any necessityofv taking ycare of any heat 20M f-It is my object toy provide are-circulating ywhich may be discharged to the air by the incubator 'andfone which may automatically more highly heated eggs. withdraw from circulation a portion of the It Vis my object to conduct the combined fairiunder the inductionof the heater draft. heavy carbon dioxide and the remainder of tfis my. object to provide an automatic ythe vlighter -air tothe bottom of the cabinet ,Vent .that CanbeSet :for Constant Changing Of Where theheavier Carbon dioxide can be vthe air with an automatic arrangement, 's0 extracted through my exitpassageway unthat incase ofrovierlleatillg an eXtra quantity der indueddraft While the lighter air free of air vwill pass throughv the-incubator elimifrom carbon dioxide will rise tothe trays nating the danger of overheating, such over# again, ythus., making an L automatic machine ,3,0 hetrlg being Vtaken care of. at tWO kpOlIltS, foreliminating carbon dioxidefrom the ma- 7,5 A one byanfautomatic ventilator controlled by Chine, i i

the temperatur@ at the QP 0f the Cabinet and Referring to the drawings:

byfa temperature controlconnectedto the eX- vFgque 1 i i v t v s av view taken on a vertical .secliafust of ihe'hgaterfso 'that all' WIM-be drawn tion through theincubator on'the line l-.-l y3 5 up the heater flue by the exhaust heato-the of Fgureft.. A 8 0 y ht'genertl" i 1 ith! gaat IFigure ,is asection on the lineQ-Q ofv tra]ingrat,am-

in @dem of they 40 accoldmqtofthe temprature lp the j Figure k3 is a section on the l1ne`3-3 of 8 5 It s 'my'0bjet tQprVidJe C b`nt-incu Figure l loohingin the 'direction ofthe'arbatorin'which'there are sub-trays acting as TOWS ba-ffies between theeggtrays for. directing Flgufe 4 1S 1 P1311 WGW P artauy bI'Oken' the air through the desired channels. These away; i5 bales yalso provide chi'st anf] k VCollectors Figure 1s assectron through the top of, 9 0

' 'plurality in thepath of the. rislng hot air; `whenthe Vthe cabinet,v top ,otone of the cool aircirculating pipes andthe v`damper therefor;v Figure' 6 isla-*side elevation showing the `arrangementofV doors;j

` f5, Figure `is ani enlarged section similar to Figure 1k showing the tray arrangement.

' Referring-to t the bottom of a cabinet having a rear wall 2, afront ,wall 3Y anda top wall 4. 5 designatesy one sidewall while designates the other'side wallinfwhich are located a pluralityy of doors l7,having''hinges Y" able '.-distance above the" supporting floor.`

lpurpose of supplying hat'to ythe 'cabinet and of causing a 'circulation and exhaust of the;-

fof

heY walls fthe water container 17 The top of thevent 16 which"s controlled the ,damper 18a andthen'pases Outthe Chimney l 19 oftheheater.' ffgf The Water cfhamber-,lt commulcatsfwth ith@ iauedr inlet pine 21.-; rThis met :pipe

'Y 7. has ian automaticsuctionl damper 22 pivotedv at4 2,3 Vadapted to'open out. for 'any reason the pressurjcln pipe'21 'becomes excessive lthe il ivalve 22fvvillJ swingmoutlto K permit the Vescape air "from pipe 21(Vv l`A similar ldamper 1sv sho'wnin they stack 19 designated 24; pivoted 45 Aat 25 but adapted" to open in." The suction in' the 'pipe line 21 orf19 willA determine whether the. damprsopen again Vstgthe influience ofthe-weight 25o.

@s j The damper lafis Aco 'trolledlbylshe theri mostat 26which isjlocat'ed within the cabinet lheatbecom'es too?great the thermostat eX- pands Ventil-6 out throujgh'thefhimnv @instead I Vof;passing.downfandup aroundthexwater V container 17.` Bythis means the air passes Y directly'through the'vent 16 into the chimneyV withoutany further heating ofthe water 'in 17..'fflf thedraft in119 becomes Y' l l -cabinetf above the transverse partition .44.

. Vthe chamber excessive'gtheldamper 24;.'will openpto admit outside .airand therebyvreduce the draft 1 -f v "around the heater.. i YReturnin'g'to "e `drawings in detail, 1 is- 8 land latches 9.` The cabinet is mounted upon Ilegs 10a suit-- l heater is .provided which .hasa ,dual`V air inisjdischarged out the' "adiator pipes 2,0 which .are

ope'ratingthe"links'fV and285lever 29, a link Oand'linkBltoopenthedamper 18a', 552thus permitting the air to pass vthrough the servedthat there is a transverse partition-.33 'l across a portionof the cabinet terminating beneath the righthand edge ofthe lowermost tray leaving a space 34 therebetween for the passage of hot air upwardlythrough the trays. Y the cabinet spaced from the ,wally 13v adjoin AverticalV partitionY 35 is located ing the'tran-sverse partition 33 and extending j downto a point above the iloorof the cabinet leaving a space36 for thecirculation of air therethrough: f `It. is'k also y'spaced from the f top of the cabinetleaving:Y a circulationfspace i designated 37.V

This lpartition discharged at the the passageway 36 or outthrough the bottom exit Vopeni'ng-) kformed by tlie'tubular inem?A lber 40 whenceit will passinto thepassageway 21 to the `bottom of the;` Aheater.'fn this passagew ay i 41 vwhich communicate lwithfthe; air above and. below the; .Cabina outsidwfr the cabinet so that yonly cool air` of L the outside atmosphere 'circulatestherethroughf @The tops of some ofthesepipesarecontrolled-by Thepurpose o fthese ipes istopermit circulation of "cool:Y air through them in' the nature of a radiator;A thu'sfcooling the fair in inducing its: descent tof i the' passasewayi enhancef the natural circulation iin the cabi= ed for and vincreased by an upper;trans'vers'e partitionllll which joins the uppertray at one side and is' spaced atitsother. from thev 35 forms alverticalpassagef. wayv designated 38`tl1roug`livvlhich thehot airn top can vpass Y downwardly Land j thence' into' the cabinet lagainfthrmgh I 'thereiare fa, plurality.- of relatively small .verticallyarranged pipes net. Thiscirculation is stillfu'rtherprovidQ Y 1 upper end of.the.vert1cal*partition leaving an air circulation space.therebetween designated 45A. In this air "circulation spacefisja thermostat lmounted on a bracket 457 ,'.which thermostatis connectedfjby arod 48 through an adjustablescrewjt) to 'a transverse vlever 5 0v having a weighty 515 at one e I ld'zwhich"is adjustable 'and vertical damper rod-52 at the otherend.` l This rod 5() issuspendedon alinieedged block A52,working in a knife-edgedlsocket 53 -lnounted on the; top. of the cabinet. 1

he rod-fj'. `52 jpasses 'downfthrough one of e air yradiator. pipes f 41 yto a point y where closes the vpassageway 39 to prevent the exit 'tis connected at 54; toafdamper 5 5 which i l of hot airfthrough the 'pass`ageway 21.l VA f "weight 5 6 is'attached'togthis.damper 55 land 'a 'set screwj' limits its lmotionv "aboutits p1votf58 .on'the cabinet.

Athirafthjermeaat 5 9 isf; provid-afn the ,This .thermostat is suspended von" thefbracket Y '621 toll ="ti-"ansversee` rodf63.` ii'rllhis. vrod "63 tis pivotallly'f'supported "oniV the support" 64. Its

free' end i's" V connected vrtio' an' exit damper'65 Y controlling; deepening: ce wha@ its other is iprovided. .Withl .a counter-balancing weight 67. ,Y v.Upon--theheat"beconfiing .exces-v ysivein the cabinet,=ithisdamper will be openedl and the A4hotY air caigfmake- 'itsl direct f exit,- so:

e sageway atythebcttom of: the

Vthat the'temperatureis controlled at the 11p- 'per portionfof the cabinet, whereas the damper 55 controls the exit ofhot air in the pascabinet `when the heat is lessex'cessive. t i q '.,Itwill be1noted'th`at the transverse partition 44 fisspac'edfroin the wall 2' leaving a'fpassageway 68 which isclose'd upon occasion manually by aidamper169-.controlledf by fa damperrodl70. :1 V

On the other side'of'the top v,Jffthe cabinet atthe top'of thi-)passageway 38 is a damper 71 pivoted at its top-at-.72-beneath the top 4 of the'cabinetL andfsog arranged vas to swing inwardly when the ysuctionin the passageway v becomes g sufficient to y draw the air inwardly under the dam'per7 *1, thus introducing fresh airintothechamber; j 1

{The'da-mper 71 controls 'fan opening which may extend the fullffextent ot one side of the.; incubator, orit'maybe restricted to a certain part ofsaidside, asfwould seem'a'd- ,c vantageous. ,f I

, Referring tothe apparatus for supporting She eggs, 7 3 lis an'eggI trayfhavinga perforated wire botton1? 7'-4. 'Thistray is supported I f iny guideways 75 which have horizontal ledges 76 for supporting Ythe tray 73 andledges77 l. Y ors'upporting'thefnext adjacent 'scoop- 78 All y Y ona bracket 85 at' A arm beingfconnect'ed to a thermostat 87 the thermostat beingflocated yin the spacebe- Y ing' is Va which hasa sc lid ,b`ottornf79-vv `This scoop vis vdeeper at one endthan at its deepest vfend atthe ventrance of the air through"the passageway'SO between the 'scoop and the supporting. ledge 76 supporting 'the' next adjacent'tray 73.l Closing this opendamperSl pivoted on the 'slidex 75 at 8.2l Y 1 1 `f This damper can be controlled in oneform by afrod 83 connectedtothe damper 'at one end and to an arm 84'atthe other pivoted A 86, theother end: of the tween the companion'tr'ay and the next adja- I`cent scoop,

such space being designated 88 so that thethermostat will .be affected by the temperature lofthe air after it has passed `overthe eggs inthe particular tray which is ycontrolled through tliefdamper 81 so afar as `the passage kof air thereover'is concerned.

fv'lfhe lowerrnostl trayfis'proyided with a damperrSla which is'adaptedito closeagainst -the'end ofthe partitionf33,V

t The principle' oiimyl invention f is the as` sembly into unitsofjascoop or tray for ldif .recting the airfover the eggs through the blot- Y toni` thereof;4 the p'assag'fefwaythereof"beingk the other having e 'through from one controlled by'a damper for that ,unitl and by a thermostat' connected to thatfdamper, if a thermostat istobeused. f fflThefthermostat is lconnected by a,l bracket suspended on the next adjacent upper tray andiscoop support; The air-passes between the bottom of theh tray :and the top of the scoop out through 'the top ofv the tray and outside the bottom of the next adjacent scoop. A

j Method of operation v It will be observed that the heat will rise from the heater 2O through the 4passageway 34 into' the traycompartment 5 between each scoop and its adjacent tray thro-ugh the bottom lof the tray'outv the top ,thereofl on the opposite side toY the point of itsentrance beneath the bottom of the next adjacent superimposed scoop and then pass upwardlywithout; circulating over thefother trays through the next opening 45, passageway 37 down, through the passageway 38 where it will be cooled by the pipes 41, through which outsideV air may be circulated drawing in any air through the damper 71 which maybe desired, vpassing to-the'passageway 36thence over the heater again into the new circuit. f It the heat on the' thermostat 46 is excessive, the damper 55 will open andthe air will pass out the passageA 39, pipe-21 over the heater and out the stack 19. Fresh lair beingk drawn in to coolthe'heater or'damper. f VIf it is desired, due' tothe heat, to provide automatically for the exit of air," the air will make its exit at the'top through'the openings 66 under the damper 65 controlled by the thermostat 59. Direct by-passing vof air maybe effected by the direct Control of the damper 69. Y, y f' The excessiveheat in the cabinet will cause -a shut-down of the heater bythe action of thesthermostat 26. Y

It will be understoody that I desireto'comprehend within my invention suchl modifications as may be'necessary to adapt it to vary'- ing conditions and uses.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new ciated with eachv of said traystherebene'ath,

.said scoop having asolid bottoni and said Itray yhaving a bottom for thefpassagelof airthereandl desire to secure :by .Letters Patent, is ze* i' V ,'aiughgiaeasiof aaaiaing mba-,weathef'top., ofthe scoop and thebottom'oithe tray at one end and for preventingthe escapeof air tglthev :other-"V, wherebygtheaairf;isforced to pass o'yer the scoopthroughthe;trayand the eggs contained scoop ,tliereover, and a fdamper l' connected to thefbottom of each tray adaptedto closethe opening betweenv that tray and the neXt adj ac centv scoop therebeneath`,`and"fa thermostat lovcatedbetween the top of thetray andthe bot-V y tom" ofthe next; adjacent scoop thereabove in thefp'ath :ofthe exity of vrthe air and means `for connectinggsaid thermostatA1 lto the damper which .ccntrolsthe inlet ofl airmaking its exit v,overthetherrnostatlv i f I Y f3. "Iman: incubato v-aiizaibineh.a tray com;

i, I Y Y n f. Apartment, a? downward vg circulation` comparta between i the vbottom Aof the tray r compartment and the circulation compartment, a passageway between ythe-top of the trayv comp artment and vthe circulation compartment, a uelburner to heat said-radiator':eXterior of the cabinet, a passageway communicating-wlththe bottom of `the incufbatorlanid the burner .tofprovide an eXit'or v vi. LAQ

" the Y.airf from thegrbottom lof v, the incubator thrOughthe burner,1a;baffle :over theradiator ',topdirect the heat tov-enterfone sident the tray compartment, egg'. v supporting trays, Yin the tray -compartmenti@Vith means .to V.pass .air 'from one-.side upwardilythrough the trays to the othersidethereof, and a second baffle over said trays having anjexit openingV diagonally disposed( ,from :the openings adj acent the baf'eloyerthe,radiation,i

i 4. In! an, ineubater,- a cabinet,s`a radiator therein, a partition thereinv for circulating air from theradiator throughtraysto the .topof thecabinet, thenceftethefbottom of the, Gabi?- the traysfin said cabi-j' Y a net, @passageway/leading from the bottom'of thecabinea` ahheatery y,in said*V passageway to :4

net and again through induce the exit yof fairgfrom the bottom of the cabinet,y such heaterfalso, furnishing heat l.for

.n topl of. thef cabinet', thence the cabinet and .the bottom ofthe.. cabinet, such heater also ythe'radiatjorin thebottom ofthe cabinet.

5. In: an inc f bator,y ajcabinetfaradiator therein, a partition therein for circulating;

air-'gironi' theradiator throughtrays tothe bottom V:of the ,cabinetl and, a heater, iny said 'passagewayto inducexthe eXit of air from Vfurnishing Y heat. for the radiator in V the ybottom of heg'cab-inet, a damperinsaid last mentioned passageway, athermostat in the top of the VVcalinet connectedvto said damper c to control lit,-

Y6. Inan incubator, a cabinet, a/radiator ',thereimfiai, partition therein for ycirculating air,from the .heater through ytrays tothetQp ofthe-Cabinet, thergc` t thebottom 9i .the

betweenlzsai'd? scoop; and tray,

the' cabinet. a .v

n tothe .bottomV off again through the trays in saidicabinet, a. passageway leading from theV 'the cabinet, and againlthrough thegtrays .inis'ald- I #from. thelootsy tom ofthecabinet, andiafheaterinsaid pas-r.r` -,air romthe cabinet,-ja passageway lead a sageway to Tinduce theexit` o bottom; .of thecabinet, such heater also' turf nishingheatfor Vtheradiator,irigthebottoni of thel cabinet,' `a damperginfsaidflast mentif'jned'l passageway, 'a thermostat yin,theatop of the,

cabinet connected tol saidf ,dampercto control net. adaptedv tor control the heater*outside`v` etv 7. Inan incubatonf; (l p therein, -ar partition therein ior ,circulating airA romtheheater through traysltej the top of the cabinet, thencetofthe bottom Aoiithe cabinet andaganthroughl,traysiimsad Acabi- Q net, a passageway leading from the bottom of the cabinet andasheater in said .1v-passage-V way to induce: the, exit-off,air fromjlthey bot-J tom of the'cabinet, suchheateralso :furnish- 'ing4 heat y for theA radiator inthe bottom of the cabinet, a damperinisaid ylast -inentioned passageway, g a thermostat' 'inthe top ofthe cabinet, connected-to; 's aidl' damper, to` control it, a second thermostat located jin; said cabi-A net adapted t0 control.: the heater-outsidefof the cabinet, a third thermostatin. said; cabinet adaptedltok control theexit` of air `from thetop thereof,"saidcabinethaving-anl opens ing adapted to'be controlled'lbysaidthermofVV StatvrI i, r1' A1,! .1;

.. Y8.1,In Van incubator, acabine t,l ja radiator therein, 'a partitione thereinfor circulating air fromV the radiator through traysto the top of the cabinet, thence to the bottoml of :the

cabinet and h again thoughz the-trays in said Cabinet a passageway .leading yfrom ,the-,fbottom of the cabinet-,andjafheetrfin Said Passagewaytoi duceythe exit ofksairgfrom the bottom of. the Cabinet, -Silh heaterialSQ turf nishing heat ,for the .radiatorjin the bottom Acabinet; a radiator` Y ofthe cab'net,A a` damper` in said 'last mentioned passageway, a thermostat in the top of the cabinetjconnectedto said damper'to oontrolit, a second .thermostatglocated in saidcabinet adapted-to controlv theheater communicating with he top i and fhotto'mv of the Compartment `aflr11'1ita-1ity Ofatraysaid `scoops in'V said compartmentgwith the trays between the,fscoopsgmeansfor controlling Y Passage c 0f, eilig between-7,. cash Iiairaef scoops, and means for cooling the air in the circulation passageway. L

In an incubator, a cabinet,7a radiator in thebottom thereof, heating means con-r` nected thereto, an eXitpassageway from the jbottom of the cabinet passingover said heatv ring, means, means for separating said cabinet I into a tray, Compartment, and a circulation passageway communicating with the vtop and` Abottom of the compartment, a plurality of trays and scoops'insaid compartment with f the trays between the scoops, means for coni y trolling the passageofairbetween each pair j of scoops, and vmeans for cooling the air in the circulation passageway, said cabinet having an eXit at the top thereof, means to con-r f i. V'trol said exit and a thermostat in the cabinet i forrregulating said exit, a second thermostat adaptedto control the passage of air through the passageway at the bottom of the cabinet and a third thermostat adapted to controlsaid heating means.

' Y 11,;In an incubator, a cabinet, an external heater, radiator means connectedthe'reto lo- VV cated inthe cabinet at the bottom thereof, a

i pluralityof trays and scoops over said radiator, a circulation passageway communicat- Y I ingv with the bottom ofthe trays to one side thereof, an exit passageway at the top of the Ycabinet passingunder Vthe cabinet, a' stack 5 over the heater, suction dampers in said last 1 passageway and saidjstack, a thermostat control located inv the cabinet controlling saidy external heater, a thermostat for controlling the passageway at the bottom ofthe cabinet connected to the heater, a thermostat for Vcontrolling the eXitjof air at the top of the i cabinet.

Vl2. In an'incubator, a cabinet, a vertical ip'artitionto 'one sidel thereof 4forming a tray compartment and a circulation passageway,

. Isaid partition being spaced fromthevtopyand" j bottomof the cabinet, a transverse partition atthe bottom of the cabinet spaced above the 'bottom thereof and from the side walls theref of having one edgejoining the vertical partij tion, asecond vtransverse partition spaced from the top and sides of the cabinet near the top thereof, and trays located between thetop and bottom partitions and to :one

side of the transverse partition, said parti-A tions being so arrangedfthat the air will enter- !at one side of the trays at the bottom and will make its exit at the other side of the trays at Y 55 Y the top. v 13. In an incubator, a cabinet, a vertical partition-to oneV sidethereof forming a tray compartmenty and a Circulation passageway,

y Y said partition being spaced from thetopv and bottom of the cabinet,..a transverse partition y V'at the bottom of the cabinet spaced'above4 the vbottom thereof'and from the sidewalls thereofhaving one edgel joining the vertical par- Y titions,A

ka seconda transverse4 lpartition spacedv from the top Land :sides of ythe 

